Economics of Reforms and Regulations

Explore how governments shape markets, design regulations, and drive economic reforms. This course is designed for learners interested in economics, public policy, governance, regulation, finance, development, and related fields who want to understand how policy decisions affect markets and society. Build a strong foundation in welfare economics and learn why governments intervene when markets fail to deliver socially desirable outcomes. Examine market imperfections, government failures, and the ongoing balance between markets and the state. Understand economic regulation and how regulatory institutions promote competition, consumer protection, accountability, and economic efficiency. Explore practical regulatory instruments including competition law, public ownership, price and quantity regulation, taxation, subsidies, and public franchising. Apply economic reasoning to health, safety, environmental, financial, energy, and public procurement reforms. Explore cost-benefit analysis, environmental regulation, financial-sector reforms, procurement systems, energy regulation, and regulation in the new economy. Discover innovative approaches using behavioral economics, regulatory nudges, auction design, and decision-making under radical uncertainty. Re-examine the role of the state through New Institutional Economics, the Developmental State, and the Entrepreneurial State. Gain practical insights to analyze economic reforms, evaluate regulations, and develop a more informed perspective on the role of government in modern economies.