Comparison

PhD: 4 programmes side by side

Every programme here is PhD — same subject, same level, so the columns are genuine alternatives. Compared on the awarding university and its grade, duration, tuition, delivery and language.
Programme Experimental SurgeryPhD in Materials Enginee...PhD in HorticultureEngineering Physics
University McGill University University of Michigan Purdue University McMaster University
University grade A+ A+ F A-
Degree level PhD PhD PhD PhD
Field / subject MSc/PhD Experimental Surgery Materials Engineering Horticulture Engineering Physics
Duration 2 yrs 4 yrs
Tuition $20,726 $29,194 $4,204
Delivery
Language
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What these universities cost, and what graduates earn

Purdue University: debt vs salary →

How to read this table

University grade is our A–F assessment of the awarding institution, built only on published data — QS standing, admission rate, graduation rate and graduate earnings where each is available. It grades the university, not this specific programme.

Tuition is the published figure for the programme as the university states it; a blank cell means the institution has not published one, and we would rather show nothing than an estimate. Fees for international students frequently differ from the headline number, so treat it as a starting point and confirm on the programme page.

Duration assumes full-time study. Where a programme runs part-time or by distance learning, the delivery row says so — and the calendar length will be longer than the figure shown.