Comparison

PhD: 4 programmes side by side

Every programme here is PhD — same subject, same level, so the columns are genuine alternatives. Compared on the awarding university and its grade, duration, tuition, delivery and language.
Programme Infection and ImmunityPhD in Mechanical Engine...Doctor of Philosophy in...Experimental and Politic...
University Utrecht University University of Pittsburgh Deakin University University of Amsterdam
University grade A- B B A
Degree level PhD PhD PhD PhD
Field / subject PhD Infection & Immunity Mechanical Engineering Philosophy Economics
Duration 3 yrs 3 yrs 4 yrs
Tuition $45,600
Delivery
Language
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How to read this table

University grade is our A–F assessment of the awarding institution, built only on published data — QS standing, admission rate, graduation rate and graduate earnings where each is available. It grades the university, not this specific programme.

Tuition is the published figure for the programme as the university states it; a blank cell means the institution has not published one, and we would rather show nothing than an estimate. Fees for international students frequently differ from the headline number, so treat it as a starting point and confirm on the programme page.

Duration assumes full-time study. Where a programme runs part-time or by distance learning, the delivery row says so — and the calendar length will be longer than the figure shown.