Cost & earnings at University of Colorado Boulder What students borrow here, and what they go on to earn
The PhD in Science, Technology and Society (STS) at the University of Colorado Boulder is an interdisciplinary research degree that prepares scholars to study the social, cultural, historical and policy dimensions of science and technology. It suits candidates seeking to combine qualitative and quantitative methods with theory to pursue careers in academia, policy, industry research, or public engagement with science and technology.
The STS PhD is built around core coursework in science and technology theory, research methods, and the history and sociology of science. Students typically take seminars in STS theory, the history of science and technology, ethics of science and technology, and public policy analysis. Methodological training includes qualitative approaches (ethnography, oral history, archival research), quantitative and computational methods (social network analysis, data analysis), and mixed-methods research design. Advanced seminars allow deep dives into specialised topics such as biomedicine and society, energy and environmental technologies, information and communication technologies, risk and regulation, and AI and automation.
The programme emphasises original research leading to a dissertation. Students participate in dissertation seminars and professionalisation workshops, and are expected to develop a sustained research project under faculty supervision. Many students also take elective courses across departments—such as history, sociology, political science, anthropology, computer science, engineering and environmental studies—to tailor their training to interdisciplinary questions. Opportunities for teaching practice and participation in research centres and seminar series form an integral part of the curriculum.
Applicants are expected to hold a bachelor’s degree and typically a relevant master’s degree in fields such as STS, history, sociology, philosophy, anthropology, political science, engineering, computer science or other related areas; exceptionally well-qualified applicants with only a bachelor’s degree may be considered. A strong application usually comprises academic transcripts, a statement of purpose that outlines research interests and fit with faculty expertise, a writing sample demonstrating analytical and research skills, and three letters of recommendation from academic or professional referees familiar with the applicant’s research potential.
The programme values interdisciplinary preparation and research potential. GRE requirements vary; consult the department for current testing policies. International applicants must demonstrate English proficiency according to the university’s requirements. Applicants are encouraged to identify potential faculty advisers and to describe how their research aligns with the faculty and research centres at CU Boulder.
Graduates of the STS PhD pursue a range of careers. Many continue to academic positions in STS, history, sociology, public policy, or related departments. Others move into research roles in government, national laboratories, and think tanks where they contribute to science and technology policy, regulatory analysis and program evaluation. Private-sector opportunities include roles in technology companies, research and development management, user experience and human-centred design, and ethics/compliance for emerging technologies. Additional career pathways include science communication, museum and public history work, non‑profit and advocacy organisations, and consultancy on technology governance and risk.
CU Boulder offers a strong interdisciplinary environment for STS research, with access to faculty across the social sciences, humanities and STEM fields. The university’s proximity to national research organisations and laboratories provides exceptional opportunities for empirical research and partnerships. Students benefit from active centres and seminar series that foster cross-disciplinary collaboration and public engagement.
The graduate community is supported by structured mentoring, professional development programmes and opportunities for funded research and teaching experience. The campus culture—characterised by collaborative research, strong links to policy and industry, and an emphasis on real-world impact—makes CU Boulder a compelling place to pursue advanced study in the social dimensions of science and technology.
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