Massachusetts Institute of Technology

What you'll study

The curriculum provides a foundation in core Earth science principles during the early years and progressively moves toward specialised topics and independent research. Typical first- and second-year work focuses on mathematics (calculus and linear algebra), physics, chemistry and introductory Earth science courses such as mineralogy, petrology, structural geology and physical geology.

• Core topics: mineralogy and crystallography, igneous and metamorphic petrology, sedimentology and stratigraphy, structural geology and tectonics, geochemistry and isotope systems, and geophysics (seismology, gravity and magnetics).
• Quantitative and computational skills: numerical methods, data analysis, programming for geoscience applications, remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS).
• Applied and environmental modules: hydrology, biogeochemistry, climate science, environmental geology, natural hazards and resource geology.
• Laboratory and fieldwork: hands-on lab courses in mineral and rock analysis, geochemical techniques, and multi-day field courses that develop mapping, sampling and observational skills.
• Research and capstone: students are encouraged to engage in sustained independent research projects through MIT's undergraduate research programmes, culminating in a senior thesis or capstone project.

Students may also take elective modules across related departments such as planetary science, oceanography, atmospheric science, civil and environmental engineering, and computer science to tailor their degree toward topics like climate modelling, energy and natural resources or planetary exploration.

Entry requirements

Admission to the programme is selective and based on a holistic review of academic preparation and personal achievement. Successful applicants typically demonstrate strong performance in mathematics and the physical sciences, combined with evidence of curiosity about Earth systems.

• Academic preparation: advanced secondary-level coursework in calculus, physics and chemistry is highly recommended; background in Earth science or related subjects is advantageous.
• Standardised and international qualifications: a range of national and international qualifications are accepted; applicants should present the strongest available credentials from their education system (for example, A-levels, IB, national exams, Advanced Placement or equivalent preparatory programmes).
• Supplementary material: strong letters of recommendation from science teachers, a personal statement that explains interests in Earth sciences, and examples of independent projects, fieldwork or research experience strengthen an application.
• English language proficiency: applicants whose first language is not English should meet the university's English language requirements through recognised tests or qualifications where applicable.

Prospective students should consult the university's admissions resources for the full list of required application materials and any programme-specific guidance.

Career prospects

Graduates of the programme move into a wide range of careers that value strong quantitative, analytical and field-based skills. Common paths include:

• Research and academia: graduate study leading to careers in university teaching and research in geology, geophysics, geochemistry, climate science and planetary science.
• Energy and resources: roles in petroleum, geothermal and mining industries, including exploration, resource assessment and environmental management.
• Environmental and engineering consulting: groundwater and contamination assessment, geotechnical engineering support, coastal and hazard risk assessment.
• Government and public sector: positions in geological surveys, environmental protection agencies, natural hazard monitoring and policy advising.
• Data, remote sensing and technology: work in GIS, remote sensing, geospatial analytics, and data science applications to Earth observations and modelling.
• Space and planetary science: roles in planetary exploration, mission science, and instrumentation development for space agencies and research institutes.

Alumni typically capitalise on the degree's combination of field experience, laboratory skills and computational training to adapt to interdisciplinary roles across industry, government and research organisations.

Why study at Massachusetts Institute of Technology

MIT's Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences offers a research-intensive environment with exceptional laboratory facilities, access to advanced instrumentation and strong links to other STEM departments. The Institute emphasises interdisciplinary training, allowing students to combine geoscience with engineering, computer science, oceanography and planetary studies.

• Undergraduate research: extensive opportunities to join faculty-led research through MIT's undergraduate research programmes, enabling students to gain early hands-on experience in cutting-edge projects.
• Facilities and field programmes: dedicated analytical laboratories, geophysical instrumentation, remote sensing resources and structured field courses that provide practical mapping and sampling experience.
• Interdisciplinary collaboration: close collaboration with centres and labs focused on climate science, energy, Earth resources and planetary exploration creates pathways to diverse projects and internships.
• Career support: connections to industry partners, government agencies and alumni networks help students secure internships and employment across the public and private sectors.

Overall, the programme is well suited to students seeking a rigorous, research-led undergraduate education in Earth sciences with substantial opportunities for practical training and interdisciplinary study.